The small Indian state of Sikkim is nestled in
the majestic Eastern Himalayan range, bounded on the north by the great
Tibetan Plateau, on the west by Nepal,
and on the east by the kingdom of
Bhutan. It is a magical land of immense vistas, enchanted valleys, and
awe-inspiring, snow-capped mountains – the most revered, Kanchendzonga, is
the third highest mountain in the world. Due to its mountainous and rugged
terrain, this small state encompasses an astounding diversity of climates
and ecosystems, ranging from sultry tropical forest to dry alpine tundra. Sikkim is a sacred and peaceful land, home to Snow Leopard, Musk Deer, and
Red Panda, where rare and exotic plants including orchid, magnolia,
rhododendron, and cypress flourish in lush groves and stark highland
environments.
A large number of mountains having altitudes of
about seven thousand meters stands here with - Kanchenjunga (8598 m.), The third
highest peak in the world. The high serrated, snow capped spurs and peaks of
Kanchenjunga look attractive consisting of Kumbha Karna (7711 m.), Pendem (6706
m.), Narsingh (5825 m.), Kabru Dome (6545 m.), etc.
A number of glaciers descends from eastern slopes of Kanchenjunga into Sikkim
where snow clad line is found above 5300 mtrs. The biggest of them is Zemu, from
whose snout above Lachen monastery rises the river Teesta. Teesta is the main
river and its main tributaries are Zemu, Lachung, Rangyong, Dikchu, Rongli,
Rangpo and Rangit which form the main channel of drainage from the north to the
south. It boasts of the great mount Kanchendzonga as its crown.
Ethically Sikkim has mainly three groups of people viz. Nepalis, Bhutias,
Lepchas. The local
language is Nepali. English is the official language. This
jewel- like mountain state of ethereal beauty with an area of 7299 sq. kms ,
nestles in the heart of Himalayas. Cradled in the manifold splendors of nature
deep within the snow clad Himalayas is Sikkim's capital Gangtok.
The ecological diversity of Sikkim is mirrored in
the great variety of customs and cultures in the human communities, many of
which still live according to centuries-old traditional patterns. The earliest
inhabitants were the indigenous Lepchas (or Rong-pa, the “People of the
Ravines”), whose villages are found in the north-central part of the state. Over
the centuries, the Lepcha communities were joined first by the Bhutias from
Tibet, later by Nepali immigrants who introduced terraced agriculture, and most
recently by the Indian business community from the plains. Today these peoples –
among them Buddhists, Hindus, Muslims, Sikhs and Christians – coexist in a model
of peaceable diversity. Sikkim truly presents a kaleidoscopic wealth of images
and experiences to the visitor.
Fairs & Festivals in Sikkim
The people celebrate the anniversaries relating to
birth, enlightenment, and nirvana of the Buddha, besides the Buddhist New Year
and the harvest festivals. Several festivals are celebrated in Gangtok and its
adjoining areas. The Buddhist festival of Bumchu is held in the Tashiding Gompa
during January. The festival of Chaam is held in Enchey Gompa during
January–February and is marked by dancing. Kagyat Dance is a mask dance held
every month at Gangtok, Pemayangtse and Phodong. Losar marks the Tibetan New
Year and is celebrated during February–March at Pemayangtse and Rumtek. Tse Chu
is a Buddhist dance held in May at Rumtek. Saga Dawa (held in Gangtok during
May) and Drukpa Teshi (celebrated statewide during July) mark Buddha's first
teaching. Phang Lhabsol is a mask dance celebrated statewide during August.
Dasain, the biggest Hindu festival is celebrated during October, is marked by
gift exchanges and animal sacrifices.
BUDDHIST FESTIVALS:
Saga Dawa:
This is the Triple Blessed Festival and is considered as the holiest of the holy
Buddhist Festivals. On this day in different years of his life, Lord Buddha took
birth, achieved Enlightenment and passed away attaining Nirvana, three important
events celebrated in the festival of Saga Dawa.
Drukpa Tsheshi:This festival is observed by the Buddhists to mark the
event when Buddha first turned the Wheel of Dharma (His first sermon to five
disciples at Sarnath). This festival celebrates Buddha's first preaching of the
four Noble Truths to his first five disciples in a deer park at Sarnath. The
first is the Noble Truth of suffering. The Second Noble Truth is the truth of
the origin of suffering Karma and Delusion and their causes. The third Noble
Truth is the cessation of the suffering or the attainment of Nirvana. The fourth
Noble Truth is the truth of the Eight Fold Path leading to Nirvana. The day
falls on the fourth day (Teshi) of the sixth Tibetan month (Drukpa).
Phang Lhabsol:This festival is unique to Sikkim. It was popularised by the third
Chogyal of Sikkim, Chakdor Namgyal. In this festival the snowy range of
Khangchendzonga is worshipped for its unifying powers. This festival also marks
the signing of the treaty of blood brotherhood between the Lepchas and Bhutias
by Khye Bumsa and Tetong Tek when the local deities were invoked to witness the
occasion.
Losoong:Losoong marks the end of the harvest season and
also the end of the tenth month of the Tibetan Year. Taking cue from a good
harvest and praying for even better prospects for the next crop, the festival is
marked by Chaam dancing's at the monasteries at Palace
(Tsu-La-Khang), Phodong and Rumtek. The dances symbolize the exorcizing of the
evil spirits of the year and the welcoming of the good spirit of the new year.
It is best observed in rural Sikkim. Archery competitions and festivities mark
the event. Men become gods during the dances and don attires with mystical
symbols.
Losar:The Tibetan New Year is shared also by the
Sikkimese and marked with lot of gaiety and festivity. It falls normally in the
month of February.The Tibetan youth take to the streets on the day performing
the Yak dance and throwing sampa as a way of greeting and welcoming the new year
with shouts of "Tashi Delek". The Tibetan community exerts itself in the more
than week long festivity with their brocades, jewelry, songs, dances and
picnics.
Bumchu: Bum
means "pot or vase" and chu means "water". This festival is celebrated at the
monastery at Tashiding in the month of January or February. During the festival,
the pot containing the Holy water is opened by the lamas of the monastery. The
level of water in the pot foretells the future for the forthcoming year. If the
water is to the brim, it foretells a year in which peace and prosperity will
prevail. If the water is over the brim and is spilling signifies a year with
natural disaster and flood , it prophesies bloodshed and disturbances. If the
water lever is low or almost dry it signifies famine. A part of the holy water
is distributed amongst the gathering of devotes and the pot is replenished with
river water and sealed at the end of the festival to be opened only in the next
Bumchu.
Guru Rimpoche's Trungkar Tshechu:On this day, Sikkimese Buddhist pay homage to the
master who first blessed Sikkim as holy land, Guru Rimpoche. The master is
believed to have firmly establish Buddhism in Sikkim and introduce his form of
Tantric Buddhism to the Himalayas after vanquishing ‘demons’ obstructing the
growth of dharma in Tibet. The day commemorates his victory over these demons
and the devout believe that virtues accrued by recitation of mantras on this day
are two-fold.
Kagyed Dance: It is performed on the 28th and 29th day of the 10th
month of the Tibetan Calendar, around
December. This dance is performed
symbolizing the destruction of the evil forces and hoping for peace and
prosperity to flourish in every Sikkimese home. The dancers of this is extremely
Kalchakra Puja:A mention of the two bodies of Buddhism, Hinayana and Mahayana has been made
at the beginning of this chapter. To attain Nirvana or Enlightenment and freedom
from suffering one of the paths offered is Tantrayana which emphasizes the
Tantric or mystic aspect of Buddhism involving complex and esoteric rituals.
HINDU FESTIVALS:
Dasain / Dusshera/ Durga Puja:
One of the most important festivals for the Nepalese
Hindus, this fortnight long festival usually falls in the month of October.
While Hindus around the world celebrate Durga Puja, the Nepalese observe the
days as Dasain or Bijaya Dashmi. This festival symbolizes the victory of good
over evil. It is widely believed that on this day the evil Mahisura was slain by
Goddess Durga who is the embodiment of Goodness and Shakti, in a fierce duel
fight.
Tihar or Tyohar/ Diwali:This festival of lights also know as the Deepavali means "a row of lights".
This festival is celebrated to mark the return of Lord Rama, his consort Sita
and brother Lakshmana, to their kingdom after 14 years of exile. To celebrate
their return, the people of Ayodhya are believed to have lit up their houses and
streets with lamps and the tradition is followed till date. People also conduct
Lakshmi Puja to please the Goddess of Wealth.
Saraswati Puja:This festival falls in the month of January and honors the Hindu Goddess of
knowledge "Saraswati". School children place their study books in front of the
statue and seek blessings for doing well in their studies.
Janmastami:Also known
as Krishnastami or Gokulastami is a festival dedicated to Lord Sri Krishna and
commemorates his birth. This festival occurs on the eight day (Astami) of a
lunar fortnight hence the name (Krishna+astami). Krishnastami which comes
sometime in August is celebrated over two days. The first day is Krishnastami or
Gokulastami. The second day is called Kalastami or more popularly Janmastami.
This festival associated with Lord Krishna’s birthday and is a combination of
religion and celebration together. Mathura, the ancient north Indian town, is
Krishna’s birthplace, and it is one of the most sacred places in the entire
country. People celebrate this festival with fun, frolic, and merrymaking. The
raasleelas, bhajan, kirtan, and various local functions are the special
attractions of the place.
Vishwa Karma Puja:
This festival takes place on 17th September every year and
honour Vishwa Karma - the God of Machines, statues of this deity are put up in
temporary sheds called pandals and worshipped especially by those who are
involved in handling machines like drivers and mechanics.
Maghe Sankranti :One of the important festivals of Hindus, Maghe
Sankranti known as Makar sankranti in other parts of India
is celebrated on the first day of the month of Magh (of the Vikram Sambhat
calendar) and is observed for three days. This day is believed by the Nepalese
as the day that marks the division of the Winter and Summer solstice. It marks
the beginning of the lengthening of days. Bathing in rivers, especially in the
confluence of rivers, is prescribed for this day followed by feasting. Huge
fairs are organized along the river banks and confluence of rivers. The prayers
begin with dawn and the fairs draw people from surrounding areas in thousands.
It is an occasion for villagers to gather, meet each other and make purchases.
The most colourful introduction to the Sikkimese milieu as people from all
communities patronize these fairs. Although just about every district has its
fair, the bigger ones are seen at Jorethang (south Sikkim) and Saramsa (East
Sikkim).
Holi:This Hindu festival of colors takes on a new
meaning in the colder climes of Sikkim. All night revelry, songs and dances
brings the business community (which is largely Hindu) to the streets and also
observed is the (Matki) competition in the heart of the town. A good example of
the communal harmony prevalent in Sikkim as even the ethnic Bhutias and Lepchas
can be seen scrambling with their Hindu friends to take a crack at the pot hung
high in the air.
Ramnavami (Chaite
Dasain): This festival is dedicated to the memory of Lord Rama. It
occurs on the ninth day (navami). The festival commemorates the birth of Rama
who is remembered for his prosperous and righteous reign.
Sikkim's near about 200 monasteries or Gompas belonging to the Nyingma and Kagyu
order have not only been influencing the cultural heritage and lifestyle of the
people, but also demonstrates the ancient rituals in practice.
Devoted Lamas robed in red, chant ancient mantras to the rhythm of drums and
trumpets while soft lights flicker from decorative lamps placed before statues
of the great Guru Padmasambhava. Feel the peace and quiet of being one with
nature and close to the almighty as sacred words mingle with the whirring prayer
wheels.
The Gompas are adorned with life-like frescoes of hoary Buddhist legends, rare
silk and brocade Thangkas. Also preserved here, are ancient Tibetan manuscripts,
exquisitely carved wood work and icons of silver and gold.
PEMAYANGTSE MONASTERY
Pemayangtse Monastery is situated in West Sikkim at Gyalshing (140 kms. from
Gangtok) and commands an impressive view of Mount khanchendzonga. It was
originally a small Lhekhang build by Lhatsun Chenpo in the 17th century. Later
during the rule of the third Chogyal Chakdor Namgyal, Lhatsun Chenpo's third
reincarnate jigme Pawo extended it and rebuild the structure. This monastery
belongs to the Nyigma order and all other Nyigma order monasteries in Sikkim are
subordinate to it. The monks of Pemayangtse are usually from the leading Bhutia
families in Sikkim. There are 108 monks in this monastery.
The monastery houses numerous religious idols and other objects of worship, most
of which are precious because of their antiquity. On the top floor of the
monastery there is a wooden sculpture depicting the Maha Gurus Heavenly Palace "Sanghthokpalri".
This master piece was completed by the late Dungzin Rimpoche, who took five
years to craft it single handed. The main festival of the monastery is on the
28th & 29th day of the 12th month of the Tibetan calender, normally
corressponding to the month of february. During these two days religious dances
are performed and pilgrims come from all over Sikkim to watch them.
ENCHEY MONASTERY
This monastery is situated in Gangtok on a hill top. It was built during the
reign of Thutob Namgyal. This 200 year old monastery has in its premises images
of Gods, Goddesses and other religious objects. Every year around January "Chaam"
or religious masked dance is performed.
Lama Drupthob Karpa is supposed to have built a small hermitage at the spot he
reached after he flew from Maenam Hill in South Sikkim. Later during the reign
of Sikyong Tulku (1909-1910), the present monastery was built in the shape of a
Chinese Pagoda.
Following the Nyingma order, it has around 90 monks. The annual Puja is
celebrated with dances on the 18th & 19th days of the twelfth month of the lunar
calendar.
RUMTEK MONASTERY
24 Kms. from Gangtok, a drive through beautiful countryside takes one to Rumtek
Dharma Chakra centre built in 1960'S by his holiness the late 16th GYALWA
KARMAPA when he took refuge in Sikkim after the Chinese attack. It houses some
of the worlds most unique art objects, ancient manuscripts and icons.
Traditional in design, it is almost a replica of the original Kagyu headquarters
in Tibet.
Rumtek monastery, a must for every visitor, where one can find some of the
worlds most unique art objects , this place is the seat of the Kagyu order -- a
close replica of the original Kagyu in Tibet.
About 2 kms. away from Dharma Chakra Center is the rebuilt 300 year old Rumtek
monastery which was originally built by the fourth Chogyal. His Holiness late
Gyalwa Karmapa lived in this monastery till the completion of the Rumtek Dharma
Chakra Center. The annual dances are held here on the 28th & 29th day of the
Tenth month of the lunar calendar.
PHENSANG MONASTERY
This monastery was built in 1721 during the time of Jigme Pawo. In 1947 it was
completely gutted by a devastating fire. However it was rebuilt in 1948. It is
present in North Sikkim. There are around 300 monks under the monastery and the
main annual function in the monastery is on the 28th & 29th days of the tenth
month of the Tibetan Calender which normally corresponds to the month of
December.
PHODANG MONASTERY
This monastery is in North Sikkim 28 kms. from Gangtok. The original monastery
is rebuilt and is today one of the most beautiful monasteries in Sikkim. It
possesses the old mural paintings and has around 260 monks. Like the Ralong and
Rumtek the main annual Puja is performed on the 28th & 29th days of the tenth
month of the Tibetan Calender when the religious dances are performed.
TASHIDING MONASTERY
This is another important monastery belonging to the Nyingmapa order and is
about 40 Kms. from Gyalshing by road via Legship (West Sikkim). It lies nestled
on the top of a hill that looms up between the Rathong river and the Rangit
river and is surrounded by a profusion of Prayer flags that flutter in the air.
There are also many chortans dedicated to some Chogyals and some religious
personalities of Sikkim. Carved skillfully on stone plates surrounding th
emonastery are holly Buddhist mantras like "Om Mane Padme Hum" by the master
crafts man Yanchong Lodil.
The monastery was built in 1717 by Ngadak Sempa Chembo during the reign of the
third Chogyal Chakdor Namgyal. The sacred ceremony of Bumchu is held here at
midnight of the 14th & 15th of the first Tibetan month. There is a bus service
from Gyalshing to Tashiding. Atrekkers hut is available for the tourist at
Tashiding.
RALONG MONASTERY
This monastery is situated near Rabongla in South Sikkim. Belonging to the Karma
Kagyu order, it was built after the return of the fourth Chogyal from his
pilgrimage to Tibet. H.H. the Gyalwa Karmapa performed the 'Rabney (blessing on
its completion from Tsurphu itself, and grains from this ceremony fell on the
ground at Ralong. Between 1975-81 A.D. the government rebuilt the monastery
which today has around 100 monks. The main ceremony falls on the 28th and 29th
day of the tenth month of the lunar calendar, when the 'chaams' are performed.
SANGA CHELLING MONASTERY
Sanga chelling means ' the island of esoteric teaching'. This monastery was
built in 1697 and is situated about 7 kms. from Pemayangste. It is said to be
the oldest monastery in Sikkim.
DUBDI MONASTERY
Dubdi means 'the retreat' and this monastery was built in 1700. It is located
near Yuksum on a hill top. One has to travel by foot to reach it.
KHECHOPARI MONASTEREY
This monastery is located just above the famous near Yukusm.
MELLI MONASTERY
Melli basically means 'a lepcha village'. This monastery is also located near
Yuksum.
SINON MONASTERY
Sinon means 'the suppressor of intense fear'. The monastery was built in 1716
and is located about 10 kms. from Tashiding on a hill top.
DALLING MONASTERY
Dalling means 'the thunderbolt'. This monastery was built in 1840 and is
situated near kwezing in .
YANGYANG MONASTERY
Yangyang means 'the ridge of fortune'. This monastery was built in 1840 and is
situated at a place called Yangyang 10 kms. downhill from Rabongla.
NAMCHI MONASTERY
This monastery is located in Namchi, the district headquarters of south district
and was constructed during the reign of Chogyal Gurmed Namgyal.
KWEZING MONASTERY
This monastery is located near Kwezing in South Sikkim. It was built during the
reign of Chogyal Thutob Namgyal.
SIMIK MONASTERY
This monastery is situated in near Singtam town. It was built during the reign
of Chogyal Tsudphud Namgyal.
HEE GYATHANG MONASTERY
This monastery is located in and follows the Nyingma sect of Buddhism.
LINGTEM MONASTERY
This monastery is located in the Zongu area of North Sikkim.
CHAWANG ANI MONASTERY
This monastery is located near Phensang which is on the highway between Gangtok
amd Mangan. It was built during the reign of Chogyal Tshudphud Namgyal .
KHATOK
MONASTERY
This monastery is located in East Sikkim near Pakyong. The present structure of
the monastery was built during the reign of Chogyal Thutob Namgyal.
BERMOIK MONASTERY
This monastery was constructed in 1952 and follows the Nyingma sect of Buddhism.
It is situated in South Sikkim above Singtam.
LACHEN MONASTERY
This monastery in North Sikkim was built in 1806 and follows the Nyingma sec of
Buddhism.
LACHUNG MONASTERY
This monastery in North Sikkim was built in Sikkim 1880 and also follows the
Nyingma sect of Buddhism.
SANG MONASTERY
This monastery is situated near Rumtek and was built in 1912.
Adventure Sports in Sikkim
Sikkim, offers a vacation that is more like a voyage
of adventure and discovery. When the misty rain wraps the slopes in lacy wisps
of clouds, you will find yourself trekking at 14,000 ft or more. If you are more
enthusiastic about the thrills of untamed waters, then go for some Rafting or
Kayaking experience in Teesta River. And as the mountain scopes of Eastern
Himalayas are so luring, how about having a mountaineering. expedition and
conquering those virgin peaks, which are yet to be explored! The ones looking
for safari trips check out the Yak Safari's that is an unforgettable experience
in itself.
You can wander up lush green mountain trails, in the very footsteps of those
early travellers. Test your endurance trekking the unknown paths each leading to
a paradise. Acquaint yourself with a land that is bizarre at the same time
fascinating. With its endless intriguing trails, mountains, flora and fauna,
Sikkim offers you a dream - a voyage of adventure and discovery.
Trekking: The captivating landscape, with an incomparable diversity of
flora and fauna: India is regarded as the ‘trekkers’ paradise’ and, indeed, is a
refreshing treat to the trekkers. India is the ultimate destination for a
trekking holiday, offering everything from short and easy excursions to the long
challenges of the snowy peaks, invoking visions of the spectacular Himalayas,
the lush meadows, green woodland and fragrant orchards
Mountain Biking: Mountain Biking is another adventure sport that has been
recently introduced in Sikkim. Most of the roads in Sikkim are negotiable by
mountain bikes. This sport is definitely poised to become popular in Sikkim in
the near future and it is being promoted in most parts of North Sikkim & West
Sikkim.
Mountaineering: The Sikkim Himalayas, the epitome of the world's
mountains, encompass a wonderland, which for sheer beauty and magnificence
remains unbeaten elsewhere in the globe. In the southwestern part of Sikkim, in
the main Himalayan range, lies the majestic Khangchendzonga or Kanchenjunga,
rising to a staggering height of 8,585 m (28,169 ft) above sea level.
River Rafting & Kaying: Rafting is a later entrant of adventure sport in
Sikkim. Rivers Teesta and Rangit offer long stretches which are ideal for safe
rafting. Teesta has been graded on the International scale at Grade 4. The icy
cold waters of the rugged Teesta have a series of rapids with varying intensity
and character. It offers one of the finest rafting stretches in the world.
Rangit, a tributary of the Teesta, has more turbulent waters and offers a
challenge to more experienced rafters.
Yak Safari: Yak Safari is an unforgettable experience organized from
Dzongri in West Sikkim onwards by Sikkim Tourism or by travel agencies on prior
booking.
PLACES OF TOURIST INTERESTS.
EAST SIKKIM:
Enchey Monastery :
An important seat of the Nyingma order, the Enchey Monastery meaning the
Solitary temple, was originally built with the solace that no other
construction would be allowed near it is built on the site blessed by Lama
Druptob Karpo, a tantric master known for his flying powers. This 200-year-old
Monastery has in its premises images of god, goddesses and other religious
objects. Every year around January 'Chaam' or religious masked dance is
performed with great fanfare for two days. it is situated adjoining the
Sinolchu Tourist Lodge, 3 kms from Gangtok Town.
Permanent Flower Show : White Hall, Close by the White Memorial Hall and just below the
Palace Ridge park is the more recent Flower Show Hall. In recent years this
show has become quite popular and famous as there are flower exhibitions
throughout the year in accordance with the seasons and the flowers in bloom.
Do-Drul Chorten ( Stupa) : The Do-Drul Chorten or Stupa was
built by the Venerable Trulshi Rimpoche, head of the Nyingma order of
Tibetan Buddhism in 1945. Inside this stupa, there are complete mandala sets
of Dorjee Phurba (Bajra Kilaya), a set of Kan-gyur relics ( Holy Books),
complete 'Zung'( mantras) and other religious objects. Around this Chorten,
which is one of the most important stupas in Sikkim, are 10 Mani-Lhakor(
prayer wheels). These prayer wheels are turned by the devout Buddhist while
chanting "Hail to the jewel in the Lotus", to invoke the Buddhisattva. The
Chorten is surrounded by Chorten Lakhang, where there are two huge statues of
Guru Rimpoche (Guru Padmasambhava).
Handloom and Handicrafts centre : It is now known as the Directorate of Handicrafts and Handlooms as
well as the Government Institute of Cottage Industries. Started during the
time of the Chogyals of Sikkim, as a venture to protect and propagate the
craft and skills of local and village artisans, it has become on t of the
major attractions for people visiting Sikkim where traditional handcrafts,
furniture, handlooms carpets and other products can be viewed and also
purchased . A word of caution to the innocent guest. It is better to check
whether there is a government holiday or not as the G.I.C.I. is closed on
Sundays, all government declared holidays, second Saturdays and the odd
unforeseen holidays.
Namgyal Institute of Tibetology: The Namgyal Institute of Tibetology, after the late Chogyal of Sikkim,
Palden Thondup Namgyal whose brainchild it was has since become one of the
most prestigious depository of Tibetan literature, rare manuscripts,
paintings, thangkas, statues and religious objects and other works of art and
history. Today, it is a renowned worldwide centre for study of Buddhist
philosophy and religion.
Saramsa Garden : About 14 kms from Gangtok is the Saramsa Garden, the home of Sikkim's
most exotic orchids and other rare tropical and temperate plants. Established
and maintained by the Department of Forest, it is an excellent recreation and
picnic spot.
Rumtek Dharma Chakra Centre :
About 45 minutes drive from Gangtok, 24 kms away, is the Rumtek Dharma Chakra
Centre, the seat of the Kagyu order, one of the 4 major Tibetan Buddhist
sects. Since the late 1960s, after the arrival of His Holiness the 16th Gyalwa
Karmapa, the Centre houses some of the world's most unique religious
scriptures and religious rare objects. Traditional in design, it is almost a
replica of the original Kagyurpa Monastery in Tsurphu, Tibet.
Jawaharlal Nehru Botanical Garden :
Very close by to Rumtek Monastery, and maintained by the parks and Gardens
unit of the Forest Department of the Government of Sikkim, the Garden is an
enchanting and soothing experience among the lush green vegetation, rare
plants and trees and certain species of Himalayan flowers and Orchids.
Water Garden :
Water Garden at Martam Khola is on the 31-A National Highway some 16 kms.
south of Gangtok. It is an ideal spot for picnic with a small swimming pool
for children.
Tsomgo Lake : Tsomgo lake is only 40 kms. from Gangtok town and is situated at an
altitude of 12,210 ft. The drive from Gangtok takes about 2˝ hours by bus. The
lake is bout 1 km. long and oval in shape, 50ft. deep and is regarded
extremely Holy. It is also a home of Brahmini ducks besides stopover for
various migratory ducks. Between May and August, it is possible to see variety
of flowers in bloom, including the rhododendrons, various species of primulas,
blue and yellow poppies, iris and many other species of floras. It is also an
ideal habitat of the Red Panda and various species of birds. Open for both the
Foreign and Indian nationals. Foreign visitors have to be in a group of two or
more and have to apply for the visitors permit through a registered Travel
agency.
Nathula :
56 kms from Gangtok is a 'Nathula' Pass at an altitude of 14,200 ft. bordering
between India and China in the Tibetan Plateau. It is one of the highest
motorable roads and richly covered by many varities of alpine flora and fauna.
A tranquil place to visit. Nathula is open only for Indian nationals on
Wednesdays, Thursdays, Saturdays and Sundays. The visitors have to get the
permit to visit the place by applying to the Tourism Department through a
registered Travel Agency.
Tashi View Point :
Built by the late King of Sikkim Sir. Tashi Namgyal, it is situated 4 km from
Gangtok town from where one can have a clear view of opposite hills, besides
Mt. Khangchendzonga. This site offers a breathtaking panorama of the majestic
Mt. Khangchendzonga and surrounding hills.
Ganesh Tok : It is a very small temple of Ganesh, a God worshipped by Hindus. It
is on a hillock on Gangtok-Nathula Road. A Sikkim Government nursery is just
nearby.
Sa-Ngor-Chotshog Centre :
It is a Tibetan refugee monastic institution established in 1961 by his
Eminence Luding Khen Rimpoche, Head of Ngorpa, sub-sect of the Sakya Order,
with the blessing of H.H. Sakya Trizin and H.H. the Dalai Lama. This is the
only monastery of the Sakya Order of Tibetan Buddhism in Sikkim. It is located
on a beautiful hill-top just 5 kms away from Gangtok Sikkim.
WEST SIKKIM:
Pemayangtse Monastery:
Pemayangtse Monastery is one of the oldest monasteries in the State.
Originally established by Lhatsun Chempo, one of the revered Lamas to have
performed the consecration ceremony of the first Chogyal ( Religious Monarch)
of Sikkim. This ancient monastery belongs to the Nyingma Buddhism and has been
considered as one of the premier monasteries in the State, having been
entrusted with the task to perform all religious functions of the erstwhile
monarch. The Monastery, located on a hill top at an altitude of 6840 ft.
commands a magnificent panoramic view of the Himalayan ranges and the
surrounding hills and country-side.
Rabdentse Ruins: This was the second capital of the erstwhile Kingdom of Sikkim after
Yuksom and till the year 1814 AD, the Kings of Sikkim had ruled the
State from
this place. Today, the ruins lie hidden from the main road at a walking
distance from the Pemayangtse Monastery. The scenic view from the top of the
ruins scanning across the deep valley to the mystic heights of Khangchendzonga
ranges is something to be cherished and etched in memory.
Sanga-Choling Monastery: This monastery is situated on a ridge above Pelling and the famous
Pemayangtse Monastery. Built in 1697 AD, it is considered to be the oldest
monasteries in Sikkim. In order to reach this Monastery one has to be prepared
to spend at least 40 minutes walking up the steep hilly slope which leads
through rich forest covers.
Khecheopalri Lake: Khecheopalri Lake is considered to be one of the sacred lakes of
Sikkim both by the Buddhist and the Hindus. The lake remains hidden in the
rich forest cover. It is believed that birds do not permit even a single leaf
to float on the lake surface. There is a motorable road from Pemayangtse right
up to the lake area. For those interested in spending a night or two in the
peaceful environment a trekker's hut has been provided by the Tourism
Department. The hut is presently managed by a local person and provides
comfortable stay providing a taste of local Sikkimese -Nepalese cuisines.
There is also a pilgrim's hut, managed by Tourism Department, which is meant
to provide accommodation to the people who come on pilgrimage tours.
Yuksam: This was the first capital of Sikkim, where according to the
historical records, the first Chogyal of the Kingdom of Sikkim was consecrated
in the 1641 AD by three learned lamas. The evidence of the consecration
ceremony is still intact in Norbugang Chorten in the form of stone seats and a
foot print of the Head Lama on the stone. Since the history of Sikkim began
from this place, these areas are now considered sacred by the people of Sikkim.
Yuksam is served by all weather road from Pemayangtse, which is at a distance
of 32 kms from Yuksam. The trek to Dzongri and to the base camp of the famous
Mt. Khangchendzonga begins here.
Tashiding Monastery: This monastery is constructed on top of a heart shaped hill with the
back drop of the sacred Mt. Khang-chen-Dzonga. According to Buddhist
scriptures, Guru Padma Sambhava (Guru Rimpoche) blessed the sacred land of
Sikkim in the 8th century AD from the spot. The monastery, however, was built
in the 18th Century AD by Ngadak Sempa Chempo, one of the three lamas who had
performed the consecration ceremony of the first Chogyal. Tashiding is
also famous for the most holy chorten known as 'Thong-Wa-rang-Dol' which
literally means 'Saviours by mere sight'. It is believed that the mere act of
beholding it is supposed to wash away all he sins of the devotee. Another
important feature in tashiding is the sacred water festival popularly knwon as
'Bhumchu'. It is a religious tradition unique to Tashiding Monastery
only. Every year, on 14th and 15th day of the first Lunar Month, the Bhumchu
Ceremony is celebrated with devotees coming from far and near to get the
blessing of the holy water.
Varsey:
It lies at an elevation of 10,000 ft. and has a motorable road access upto
Hilley. An easy 4 kms trek from there takes one up to the Varsey Rhododendron
Sanctuary. One can also trek from Soreng or Dentam in West Sikkim. The place
provides a magnificent view of the mountains. Visitors can halt at 'Guras Kunj'
trekkers' hut.
Soreng: Soreng is a picturesque village with beautiful landscape which is
about 3 hrs. drive from pelling and 4 hrs. drive from Melli. A trek to Jhandi
Danra from Soreng is a must to see the various species of flowers and birds.
Hotels and lodges are available for accommodation.
NORTH SIKKIM:
Phodong Monastery: One of the six major monasteries
in Sikkim, Phodong monastery is located in the North approximately 38 kms from
Gangtok, 4 kms beyond Phodong is the recently renovated Labrang Monastery
unique in it architectural design.
Phensang Monastery: This monastery is situated on the gentle slope stretching from Kabi
to Phodong with perhaps one of the best landscapes in the region. The Phensang
Monastery, under the Nyingmapa Buddhist Order, was built in 1721 during the
time of Jigme Pawo. It was gutted by fire in 1947 and rebuilt in 1948 through
the efforts of the lamas. The annual festival of Chaam is performed on the
29th and 29th days of the tenth month of the Lunar calendar (Tibetan
Calendar).
Singhik: The place offers one of the most spectacular and closest views of Mt.
Khangchendzonga and its ranges. A well located Tourist Lodge provides
accommodation for visitors. The area also has a number of interesting short
nature trails for 1 to 3 days along the higher ridges of the higher ridges of
the surrounding hills. One can also savour the most graceful peak in the
world, Mt. Siniolchu.
Chungthang: Chungthang, on the confluence of Lachen and Lachung Chu and the
starting point of River Teesta, has emerged as a major sub-division settlement
in North Sikkim. It is the nodal junction for the two passes, Lachen and
Lachung. The valley is believed to have been blessed by Guru Rimpoche and one
can visit the Holy Guru Lhedo to see the foot and palm prints left behind by
the Patron Saint. The place is rich in bio diversity with a large variety of
orchids, plants and wildlife, is 95 kms from Gangtok, 23 kms from Lachung, 29
kms from Lachen and is predominantly a Lepcha region.
Lachung: A Bhutia village with a unique local self-governing body called the
Zumsa which substitutes the Panchayat. Lachung has emerged as a tourist
destination with the soaring popularity of Yumthang Valley which is just 25
kms from Lachung. The village, spreads out on either side of Lachung Chu, has
managed to retain its unique culture and tradition. The Lachung Monastery on
the slope opposite to the highway is a focal point of all religious function
of the local inhabitants. To get a glimpse of the religious functions
performed on auspicious occasion a visit to the Monastery should form part of
the tour itinerary.
Yumthang: Yumthang, at an elevation of 11,800 ft and 140 kms from gangtok is a
paradise for nature lovers with a fascinating blend of flora and fauna and
breathtaking scenic grandeur. The valley is also the home of Singbha
Rhododendron Sanctuary with 24 species of Rhododendrons. Yumthang 'Tsa-Chu' or
the hot spring of the left bank of Lachung Chu is immensely popular for its
curative properties and healing power.
Lachen: Lachen is situated at an altitude of 2750 mtrs. and about 6 hrs.
drive from Gangtok. The Lachen Monastery Located on top of the village
commands a panoramic view of the surrounding hills and country side. Resorts,
hotels and lodges are available for accommodation.
Guru-Dongmar Lake: Guru-dongmar lake is considered as one of the sacred lakes of this
State both by the Buddhist and the Hindus. The lake remains milky in color
throughout and it is believed the Guru Padmasambhava had touched the lake
whilst he visited Tibet from this area.
SOUTH SIKKIM:
Namchi : Namchi, meaning 'Sky High',
nestled among the hills at an elevation of 5,500 ft commands panoramic view of
the snow-capped mountains and vast stretches of valley. Atop Samdruptse
hilltop near Namchi, recently erected is the worlds tallest statue of Guru
Padmasambhava, the patron saint of both Hindus and the Buddhist.
Temi Tea Garden: The one and only tea garden existing in the State produces one of the
top quality teas in the international market. The tea garden is spread out on
a gently hill slope originating from the Tendong Hill and provides a
magnificent view for the surrounding villages. The visit to the factory could
be an eye opener for those wanting to know more about tea processing methods.
Ravangla: At the base of Menam Hill is Ravangla, a small township and transit
to various tourist destinations in South and West Sikkim. It is also an
upcoming tourist spot, and transit point for trekkers to Menam hill and Borong.
There are accommodation facilities and numerous short nature trails. A trek
down to the sacred cave 'Sher Chok Bephu', one of the four holiest caves in
Sikkim, would be a memorable experience.
Menam Hill:
Menam Hill towers above Tendong Hill on the other side over looking the
ravangla Bazar settlement. Situated at an altitude of 10,300 ft the scenic
view from this height is, perhaps, unmatched in this part of the world. Mt.
Khangchendzonga and its surrounding ranges looms above the dwarf the richly
forested and rugged hill. On a clear sunny day, it is possible to see the
plains of Bengal spanning across Kalimpong and darjeeling Hills in the South,
right across the Indo-China border towards the North. A short distance away is
the legendary Bhaley Bhunga, a kind of rocky spur which juts out from the
ridge top and remains suspended in the air above Yangang village.
Borong: Facing the snow-capped mountains is Borong, motorable from Ravangla
or a trek via Menam. A picturesque village, its beautiful landscape and
magnificent view is also host to the hot spring, Borong TsaChu'. The trek
trail, originating from Namchi or Damthang to Tendong - Ravangla - Menam -
Borong (5-6 days) is one of the most interesting trails scaling all the hill
tops along the route. The trek can continue to Tashiding or terminate at
Borong and drive back to Ravangla.
Wildlife in Sikkim
The diversity in the plant world is complemented by a similar variety in the
animal kingdom. As if this wasn't enough 600 species of butterflies and 600
species of birds adorn the forest with colour and song. Among the more commonly
found animals in the alpine zone are yaks.
They are domesticated and reared in North Sikkim mainly for their economic
productiveness. Yak milk is used to make butter 'churpi' the wool comes in handy
as raw material for carpets and blankets. The musk deer, found in the upper
temperate regions, is today a species in the endangered list.. A common denizen
of Sikkim is the muntjac, or the barking deer. It is so called because of the
barking noise it makes when alarmed.
Among the more exotic mammals is the Red Panda which lives mostly on treetops.
It is found at altitudes ranging from 6,000 to 12,000 feet. The snow leopard is
an almost mythical animal.
It has rarely been sighted and to date, only two field zoologists have succeeded
in photographing this elusive animal in its habitat which can vary from 5,000
feet to as high as 18,000 feet. Blue sheep, flying squirrels, binturong, tahrs,
marmots and mush deer are at home in this cool blanket of green.
Most of this beautiful and virgin area comes under the Kanchenjunga National
Park. Sikkim also has large cardamom, orange and tea plantations. The rivers of
Sikkim have trout, salmon and carp. Fishing is allowed with a permit.
. The local
language is Nepali. English is the official language. This
jewel- like mountain state of ethereal beauty with an area of 7299 sq. kms ,
nestles in the heart of Himalayas. Cradled in the manifold splendors of nature
deep within the snow clad Himalayas is Sikkim's capital Gangtok.
harvest festivals. Several festivals are celebrated in Gangtok and its
adjoining areas. The Buddhist festival of Bumchu is held in the Tashiding Gompa
during January. The festival of Chaam is held in Enchey Gompa during
January–February and is marked by dancing. Kagyat Dance is a mask dance held
every month at Gangtok, Pemayangtse and Phodong. Losar marks the Tibetan New
Year and is celebrated during February–March at Pemayangtse and Rumtek. Tse Chu
is a Buddhist dance held in May at Rumtek. Saga Dawa (held in Gangtok during
May) and Drukpa Teshi (celebrated statewide during July) mark Buddha's first
teaching. Phang Lhabsol is a mask dance celebrated statewide during August.
Dasain, the biggest Hindu festival is celebrated during October, is marked by
gift exchanges and animal sacrifices.
PEMAYANGTSE MONASTERY 
ENCHEY MONASTERY 
RUMTEK MONASTERY 
PHODANG MONASTERY 
KHATOK
MONASTERY 
Trekking: The captivating landscape, with an incomparable diversity of
flora and fauna: India is regarded as the ‘trekkers’ paradise’ and, indeed, is a
refreshing treat to the trekkers. India is the ultimate destination for a
trekking holiday, offering everything from short and easy excursions to the long
challenges of the snowy peaks, invoking visions of the spectacular Himalayas,
the lush meadows, green woodland and fragrant orchards
Do-Drul Chorten ( Stupa) :
Tsomgo Lake :
Yuksam:
Singhik:
Lachen:
Temi Tea Garden:
The diversity in the plant world is complemented by a similar variety in the
animal kingdom. As if this wasn't enough 600 species of butterflies and 600
species of birds adorn the forest with colour and song. Among the more commonly
found animals in the alpine zone are yaks. 
